If our knowledge of causality has human agency as its primary instance, so that our basic concepts from physics are derived from reflection on our own engagement in the world... including our acts of pushing and pulling, AND if such engagements are always, as deliberate acts, are fueled by the desire for the infinite (inasmuch as the JUDGMENT that we will act thus is derived from such a desire), then there is no such thing as a system of which a human is a part that could be closed.
Integral to Dembski's idea of specified complexity (SC) is the notion that something extrinsic to evolution is the source of the specification in how it develops. He compares SC to the message sent by space aliens in the movie "Contact." In that movie, earthbound scientists determine that radio waves originating in from somewhere in our galaxy are actually a signal being sent by space aliens. The scientists determine that these waves are a signal is the fact that they indicate prime numbers in a way that a random occurrence would not. What is interesting to me is the fact that Dembski relies upon an analogy with a sign rather than a machine. Like a machine, signs are produced by an intelligent being for the sake of something beyond themselves. Machines, if you will, have a meaning. Signs, if you will, produce knowledge. But the meaning/knowledge is in both cases something other than the machine/sign itself. Both signs and machines are purposeful or teleological...
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