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Octopus eyes and the mathematical ability

It seems that those who know tell me that jellyfishes, octopedes, insects and vertebrates all form eyes because of something in the environment -- light -- rather than because there was a specific genetic predisposition.
If that is true, then what about our ability to do math?  What is there are four other species of rational animal in the universe?  Don't we already know that -- IF they do math, then they will know that 2+3=5 with as great a certainty as we do? And wouldn't that be because of a different kind of light shining on their minds?

n.b., nephew Bryan sent me article from The Tangled Bank: an Introduction to Evolution by Carl Zimmer, which illustrates the evolution of eyes on pages 172.

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